United Nations:

India obtained over USD 111 billion in remittances in 2022, setting a world file for getting the biggest remittances ever recorded, turning into the primary nation to surpass the USD 100 billion mark, the United Nations migration company has stated.

The Worldwide Organisation for Migration (IOM), in its World Migration Report 2024 launched Tuesday, stated that in 2022, India, Mexico, China, the Philippines and France have been the highest 5 remittance recipient international locations.

“India was effectively above the remainder, receiving greater than USD 111 billion, the primary nation to achieve and even surpass the USD 100 billion mark. Mexico was the second-largest remittance recipient in 2022, a place it additionally held in 2021 after overtaking China, which traditionally had been the second-biggest recipient after India,” the report stated.

In response to the report’s knowledge, India was the highest nation receiving remittances in 2010 (USD 53.48 billion), 2015 (USS 68.91 billion), and 2020 (USD 83.15 billion), with the remittances crossing the USD 100 billion mark to achieve USD 111.22 billion in 2022.

It famous that with a really massive variety of migrant employees from the subregion, Southern Asia receives a few of the largest inflows of remittances globally.

Three international locations in Southern Asia – India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, rank among the many prime ten recipients of worldwide remittances on this planet, underscoring the importance of labour migration from the subregion.

“With India estimated to have obtained greater than USD 111 billion in 2022, it’s by far the biggest recipient of worldwide remittances on this planet and the primary nation to ever attain that determine,” the report stated.

Pakistan and Bangladesh have been the sixth and eighth largest worldwide remittance recipients in 2022, receiving almost USD 30 billion and USD 21.5 billion respectively.

The report nonetheless famous that whereas remittances stay a lifeline for many individuals within the subregion, migrant employees from these international locations proceed to face a myriad of dangers, together with monetary exploitation, extreme monetary debt attributable to migration prices, xenophobia and office abuses.

The Gulf States stay important locations for migrant employees from around the globe, and the 2022 soccer World Cup additional underscored the significance of migrant labour to the subregion in addition to rights violations.

Migrants proceed to comprise excessive proportions of the whole populations in lots of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) States.

Within the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Qatar, migrants made up 88 per cent, almost 73 and 77 per cent of the nationwide populations, respectively.

Most migrants – a lot of whom come from international locations akin to India, Egypt, Bangladesh, Ethiopia and Kenya – work in sectors akin to building, hospitality, safety, home work and retail.

The report added that just about 18 million or 1.3 per cent of the whole inhabitants, India can be the origin of the biggest variety of worldwide migrants on this planet, with massive diasporas dwelling in international locations such because the United Arab Emirates, the US and Saudi Arabia.

India got here in thirteenth because the vacation spot nation for immigrants, with 4.48 million.

India – United Arab Emirates, India – US, India – Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh – India have been among the many prime 10 worldwide country-to-country migration corridors, the report stated.

Mexico is now the second largest recipient of worldwide remittances on this planet after India. China had lengthy held the second spot however it was surpassed by Mexico in 2021, with the Central American nation estimated to have obtained greater than USD 61 billion in 2022, whereas China obtained about USD 51 billion.

“The contraction of remittance flows to China has been attributed to a number of components, together with demographic shifts which have resulted within the shrinking of the working age inhabitants and the nation’s zero-COVID coverage, which prevented folks from travelling overseas for work,” the report stated.

The report additional stated that international locations in Asia are the origins of the biggest variety of internationally cell college students on this planet.

In 2021, multiple million internationally cell college students have been from China, by far the best quantity globally and greater than double the variety of college students from India, which ranks second (round 508,000).

The US is the biggest vacation spot nation for worldwide cell college students on this planet (greater than 833,000), adopted by the UK (almost 601,000), Australia (round 378,000), Germany (over 376,000) and Canada (almost 318,000).

China can be an vital vacation spot for worldwide college students, particularly these from the Republic of Korea, Thailand, Pakistan and India.

The report stated that there are extra feminine than male worldwide migrants in vacation spot international locations in Europe and Northern America, such because the US, Canada, France, Spain and Italy, but additionally in India.

India has a barely larger share of feminine immigrants than males. Nations with a considerably excessive proportion of male emigrants embody India, Bangladesh and Pakistan.

Irregular migration to the US stays an ongoing problem and main coverage difficulty, with growing numbers of arrivals from atypical origin international locations. There have been 2.4 million encounters on the United States-Mexico border in 2022, the best on file. “Encounters” represent each apprehensions and expulsions, and these statistics additionally embody many migrants who tried to enter the US a number of instances with out authorisation.

For years, most irregular migrants have been overwhelmingly from Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras however in 2022 and for the primary time, there have been extra encounters with migrants from Venezuela, Cuba and Nicaragua.

“There have been additionally numerous arrivals from Haiti, Brazil and from international locations exterior the area akin to India and Ukraine,” it stated.

“The shift in origin nation geography has additionally been attributed to Title 42, which suspends the correct to say asylum below United States and worldwide legislation on the premise of stopping the unfold of COVID-19,” it stated.

The report famous that the affect of the pandemic has been extreme on each inner and worldwide Indian emigrant employees, notably low-skilled emigrants on short-term contracts, migrants working throughout the casual economic system and undocumented employees.

Lack of jobs together with wage theft and lack of social safety in the course of the pandemic has plunged many Indian migrants into deep debt and insecurity.

“The pandemic has had an awesome impact on inner labour migration patterns and has reshaped work in each rural and concrete areas. There was a decline of just about 10 per cent in blue-collar workforce mobility in direction of cities, which has drastically lower the labour provide for main industries. The official estimate of reverse inner migration is 51.6 per cent for males and 11 per cent for ladies,” the report stated citing consultants and official knowledge.

Since 2000, IOM has been producing its flagship world migration studies each two years.
 

(Apart from the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV employees and is printed from a syndicated feed.)